Speech and language disorders
the definition
Speech or language disorder means a communication disorder, such as: stuttering, Or weak speech, weak language, or weak voice, Which negatively affects the child’s educational performance.
the date
The history of the study of speech and language and related disorders and disabilities can be divided into periods that can be traced back to 1925 when organizations for workers in the field of speech disorders and speech correction were established.
1945-1965: Several speech assessments and treatment approaches began to emerge in attempts to improve the internal psychological processing underlying communication disorders.
1965-1975: Treatment of language disorders began to separate from speech.
1975- 2000 : Specialists in this field have begun to rethink the framing of speech and language practices to include communicative contexts: linguistic, Cultural and daily life contexts.
the reasons
Some causes of speech and language disorders include: Hearing impairment, nervous disorders, brain injuries, mental disabilities, Take drugs, Physical disabilities (such as cleft lip, cleft palate), Often the cause is unknown.
Symptoms
When a child suffers from a speech disorder, he finds it difficult to make certain sounds. These sounds may be ignored, added, changed or distorted making it difficult for people to understand the child.
Some characteristics of language disorders include:
– Improper use of words and their meanings
– Inability to express ideas
– Inappropriate grammatical patterns
– Low vocabulary
– Inability to follow instructions.
treatment
Speech-language pathology services include:
1-Identifying children who suffer from speech or language disabilities.
2- Diagnosing and evaluating specific speech or language disabilities.
3- Referral to medical care or other professional care necessary to rehabilitate speech or language disabilities.
4- Providing speech and language rehabilitation services.
5- Individual treatment for the child.
6- Consult with the child’s teacher about the most effective ways to facilitate the child’s communication in the classroom environment.
7-Work closely with the family to develop goals and techniques for effective treatment in the classroom and at home.
Speech and language therapy may continue throughout the student’s school years, either in the form of direct therapy or in the form of counseling.